Class 2: Understanding and Managing Information Technologies

16^th Nov 2010

INFORMATION SYSTEMS: CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS

Information system (IS) Goal: Economically process data into information or knowledge.

Data= an elementary description of events, activities, and transactions which are recorded, classified, and stored, but not organized to convey any specific meaning

Information = data which have been organized so that they have meaning and value to the recipient..

Knowledge = data and/or information which have been organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, accumulated learning, and expertise as they apply to a current problem or activity

Types of IT Systems

1. Personnel productivity system

2. Transaction processing system: Processes an organization’s basic business transactions

Perform and record daily transaction

Allow managers to oversee status of operations and relations with external environment

Serve operational environment

3. Functional and management information system

Serve middle management

Provide reports on firm’s current performance based on transaction processing system(TPS) data

4. Enterprise system: information systems which serve several departments or the entire enterprise. Ex ERP

5. Interorganisational System: System which connects two or more organizational information systems together

6. Global Systems

7. Vary Large and Special Systems

Examples of IT Support Systems

- Decision Support System (DSS): Combines models and (external and internal) data to solve problems

 - Group Decision Support System (GDSS):Supports decision processes of groups of people (including those in different locations). Thus, decrease the conflict and politics between groups of people

- Executive Support System: Supports decisions of executive officers

- Supply chain management System: Information systems which manage the entire supply chain in order to deliver right product with right quality and right quantity at the right time and right cost.  

-Knowledge management system: Information system which convert tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge in order to share it.

Emerging Computing Environment

- Web service

- Software as service

- Utility computing

- Grid computing 

- Secure, reliable and transacted web

Presentation

-Electronic Paper: เป็นdisplay technology ประเภทหนึ่ง ซึ่งออกแบบมาโดยจะสามารถแสดงผลได้เสมือนกับการอ่านสิ่งพิมพ์ของจริง โดยมีจุดเด่น ที่ขนาดเล็ก พกพาสะดวก

-Tablet PC: portable PC ประเภทหนึ่งโดย primary inputจะผ่านระบบ touch screen

-Green IT: concept ความคิดที่จะจัดการอุปกรณ์ทางเทคโนโลยีไม่ว่าจะเป็นการออกแบบ การผลิต การใช้งาน ตลอดจนการกำจัดทิ้ง ให้ส่งผลเสียต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมน้อยที่สุด